Martin Luther King and Malcolm X free essay sample

Social Justice and Civil Equality In the quest for social equity and social liberties, Martin Luther King Jr. , Malcolm X, and Stokely Carmichael, tried to correct an imperfect framework. To achieve this undertaking, these men entered the arsenal and decided to employ peacefulness as their weapon. Their objective: to battle viciousness with peacefulness, to battle loathe with affection, and to spread balance through harmony. At long last they succeeded. Savagery breeds viciousness, detest breeds loathe, it is an inadequate methodology and an age-old intend to settling social orders issues. Malcolm X and Carmichael were both extraordinary people however that doesn't make them rough. They assaulted social equity and social equality energetically and decisively, not brutally. The strategies utilized and contentions made by Martin Luther King Jr. in Letter from Birmingham Jail, Malcolm X in The Ballot or the Bullet, and Stokely Carmichael in Black Power, show the intensity of peacefulness. These men address three separate issues in every one of their works. Ruler talks about social issues with respect to the country all in all in his letter. Malcolm X addresses the political uniformity of dark people in African American people group. Carmichael talks about racial oppression and its persecution of African American residents in their own locale. Battling with harmony, fighting with peacefulness, is the best measure while seeking after social equity and social liberties. I will show how Martin Luther King Jr. , Malcolm X, and Stokely Carmichael utilized detached techniques and peaceful methods in vanquishing the issues they had close by. Martin Luther King Jr. was a backer of peacefulness, a defender of harmony, and sought after social judges in the social equality period straightforwardly and peacefully. In his Letter from Birmingham Jail and through his endless walks and discourses, he had the option to show how peacefulness can be utilized to battle the social shameful acts occurring all through the country. Martin Luther King Jr. composed the Letter from Birmingham Jail on April sixteenth, 1963. This correspondence exhibits Kings adherence to peacefulness and his confidence in its capacity to beat isolation. Ruler contends that inactively â€Å"waiting† and devoted â€Å"patience† can never again be acknowledged in the fast quest for social equity and social equality. Ruler calls for direct peaceful activity by the African American people group. He uses his whereabouts, his composing style, and his purpose behind composing the letter to give his devotees instances of peacefulness. Lord was a splendid individual and I accept the title of this letter was picked which is as it should be. Naming this Letter from Birmingham Jail, King removes any proactive meanings or forceful messages that could be gotten from a title. Peaceful direct activity is Kings point. There is no call for cruel activity in the wake of being captured, no call for brutal fights in his name. He is presently simply one more man sitting in prison composing a letter to the majority. Ruler titles his letter from a spot, not to an individual or to network of individuals. His crowd is without a doubt the African American people group and by advising them he is composing â€Å"from jail† he insists his need and need for peaceful direct activity by exhibiting he won't â€Å"stand inertly by† and â€Å"wait patiently† for things to change. He is in prison for his direct peaceful activity and he is attempting to engrain this way of thinking into the psyches of the dark network with this title. The setting of a demonstration or occasion can be nearly as significant as the episode itself. Ruler comprehended this idea and utilized it for his potential benefit. Letter from Birmingham Jail supported King and his peaceful way to deal with social treacheries and social equality. Lord uses his style of composing as a viable technique for supporting peacefulness. He composes and talks in an intensely latent voice that is helpful in assaulting isolation legitimately and peacefully. Lord states, â€Å"I trust, sirs, you can comprehend our genuine and unavoidable fretfulness. † The expression â€Å"our genuine and unavoidable impatience† can be interpreted to show King’s aloof forceful, yet direct way when managing peacefulness. By expressing the African American people group â€Å"impatience† as genuine and unavoidable King constrains those perusing to turn out to be quickly and legitimately worried about issues of social equity and social equality. Ruler at that point states, â€Å"My companions, I should state to you that we have not made a solitary increase in social equality without decided lawful and peaceful weight. † Again there is a forcefulness with which the words are perused. The expression â€Å"determined legitimate and peaceful pressure,† sticks out. Syntactically, â€Å"determined,† â€Å"legal,† and â€Å"nonviolent† are descriptive words that apply to â€Å"pressure†. Every one of the three of those words are interchangeable with peacefulness. I think King needed â€Å"determined† to offer plan to his supporters. He needs them to be â€Å"determined† in their peaceful push for balance. â€Å"Legal† and â€Å"nonviolent† go connected at the hip here. Any vicious activity is without a doubt illicit. By coupling savagery with lawlessness, King can press upon his devotees that, to stay inside the laws of the United States, their mission for common fairness must be a peaceful one. Ruler utilizes these words to show how peacefulness is the â€Å"legal† or right strategy, not viciousness, to utilize when moving toward social equality. â€Å"Pressure† isn’t power, forcing somebody doesn't guarantee the deed will be finished. Weight considers different alternatives however pushes the one being â€Å"pressured† into a corner. That is King needs. He needs to corner white America, cover them with peaceful direct activity so the African American people group may conquer the social shameful acts of the time. Ruler utilizes his style of writing in a way that passes on a quiet, peaceful disposition while staying mighty and direct with social issues within reach. Each letter has its point, its principle thought, its main purpose behind setting aside the effort to put down considerations into sentences, and afterward setting aside more effort to mail those contemplations some place. Ruler composes this letter as a reaction to â€Å"several white church who had called King’s activities ‘untimely’. † Kings type of â€Å"utimely† activity lies in peaceful fights. In this circumstance the priests beg that the African American people group â€Å"wait† and be â€Å"patient. † King can no longer acknowledge this; he can never again be sidelined by the court framework that has granulated to stop concerning social liberties. He should make direct move. He states that the issue here should fall with the â€Å"horrific authentic and contemporary setting that induced them† as opposed to the peaceful exhibits that occurred. I accept this strategy for thought shows his peaceful attitude. He needs to prevail upon these ministers, he needs to agree with them, shake hands and concur that this isolation must end. Ruler states, â€Å"It is lamentable that shows are occurring in Birmingham, however it is significantly increasingly deplorable that the city’s white force structure left the Negro people group with no other option. † Two expressions stick out, â€Å"demonstrations† and â€Å"no elective. † King could have considered his show a dissent, yet to regularly is the term fight related with savagery. Ruler needed his immediate activity to show a serene, peaceful manner. He likewise expresses that the city of Birmingham left him â€Å"no elective. † I accept no choice to show Kings dissatisfaction with the white framework set up in Birmingham. It additionally permits him to advocate his â€Å"direct action† technique for moving toward peacefulness. By not having some other methods for showing their hatred for the social framework, King had the option to act legitimately and peacefully as this exhibit. It is this bombing social force structure that King plans to fix and correct peacefully. All through the Letter from Birmingham Jail, King had the option to build up his peaceful message utilizing his present area, his composing style, and the point that he was expounding on. Ruler assaulted isolation in this letter with intensely detached tones and depictive wording which so anyone might hear him to adequately advocate peacefulness. His proactive, peaceful interpretation of isolation disposed of the â€Å"wait patiently† thought that had been ingrained in the African American people group. Ruler had the option to utilize compelling contentions and strategies to address the social â€Å"injustices† occurring in the United States in peaceful way. Malcolm X conveyed his Ballot or the Bullet discourse in 1964 at a Methodist Church in Cleveland, Ohio. Despite the fact that there are fierce implications all through this work, I accept there is a progressively major peaceful message that Malcolm X was attempting to pass on. He accepts that the social equality development should be â€Å"common struggle† for each African American. Utilizing his title, composing style and subject of conversation I will show how even Malcolm X, America’s reprobate during the Civil Rights period, was a promoter of peacefulness in the quest for social equity and social liberties. The Ballot or the Bullet is a provocative; some may state brutal title, that takes into consideration no ill defined situation. I, be that as it may, accept this to show Malcolm X’s need to keep moving toward the social equality circumstance nearby. On many occasions in this location he calls to his kindred African Americans to illuminate themselves to the â€Å"ballot† or political climate of their locale. Instead of brutality, Malcolm X accepts â€Å"that the individual of color should control the legislative issues and the legislators in his own community†. He needs his individual dark residents to better th

Platos Contributions Essay Example for Free

Platos Contributions Essay It is accepted that Plato, an understudy of Socrates, was perhaps the best patron of theory. Verification of Platos reputation in the realm of reasoning can be unmistakably observed with his discoursed and his famous understudy Aristotle. Plato’s works are as discoursed, with Socrates as the essential speaker. With his hypothesis of Forms, he had talked about a wide scope of powerful and moral inquiries while finding inalienable associations between the two. Plato additionally thought to be epistemological inquiries, for example, regardless of whether information is legitimized genuine conviction. His most noteworthy work, The Republic, created hypotheses of equity. Verification of a genuinely incredible thinker can be appeared by their understudies. As referenced previously, Platos Academy was a raiser of scholars. One of the most conspicuous scholars to originate from the Academy was Aristotle. Plato himself encouraged Aristotle and showed him the methods of comprehension and thinking about his general surroundings. Plato partitioned his reality into two perspectives. These universes have structures, the comprehensible world and the perceptual world. Plato considered the to be world around us as blemished duplicates of the clear structures or thoughts. In the clear world, structures are unchangeable and great and just intelligible by the utilization of astuteness and comprehension. For instance, a seat is a seat since it â€Å"participates in† the Form of Chair. The structures are perfect â€Å"patterns,† perpetual, ageless, and great. Plato talks about them as self-declaration: the Form of Beauty is totally lovely. This drove, to the Third Man Argument that there must be an interminable number of Forms. â€Å"If it’s incomprehensible for not at all like things to resemble and like things dissimilar to, isn’t it then unimaginable for them to be many? Since, on the off chance that they were many, they would have contradictory properties† (Plato â€Å"Parmenides† 126), this is Mary Louise Gill and Paul Ryan’s interpretation of Plato’s Forms of Likeness and Unlikeness. Along these lines indeed the very same thing can be both like and not at all like, or one and many, by taking an interest in the Forms of Likeness and Unlikeness, of Unity and Plurality. Plato likewise accepted that information is intrinsic, or innate, and that the advancement of thoughts is covered somewhere down in the spirit, and might be guided out by educators. Plato drew a sharp differentiation between information, which is sure, and simple assessment. Assessments get from the moving universe of sensation information gets from the universe of ageless Forms, or characters. Theaetetus expressed, â€Å"It appears to me that a man who realizes something sees what he knows, and the manner in which it shows up at present, at any rate, is that information is essentially perception† (Cooper 168), in which Socrates concurred with that announcement. In his most popular discourse, The Republic, comprised of a protracted exchange on the idea of equity. Socrates recognizes the four significant excellencies in the various parts of this republic: the watchmen have insight, the assistants have boldness, and the entire has equity and control. Plato accepted that equity is the most significant uprightness. Socrates stated, â€Å"Justice is disapproving of one’s own business and not being a busybody† (Plato â€Å"The Republic† 111). Consequently, the equity of a perfect republic doesn't live in a specific piece of the republic yet rather in the structure of the republic in general. While Plato is most popular for his work The Republic, his bigger commitment to theory incorporates numerous such exchanges that are of old idea and discussion. Platos information and hypotheses have made due all through the ages are as yet significant in todays society. He kept on educating until the end, winning the esteem and love of his understudies and individual Athenians. His commitments to theory will be endless.? Works Cited Cooper, John M. , ed. Plato Complete Works. Indianapolis: Hackett Publishing Company, 1997. Print. Plato. Parmenides. Trans. Mary Louise Gill and Paul Ryan. Indianapolis: Hackett Publishing Company, 428-347 B. C. Print. . The Republic. Trans. Allan Bloom. : The Perseus Book Group, 1968. Print.

The Educational System Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The Educational System - Essay Example The representatives thus, are left to for all intents and purposes battle for themselves. General Rule: The State and its offices, divisions and political developments are not subject for the convoluted lead of their representatives, (Evans p.3). The Individuals with Disabilities Education Act is portrayed as, a United States government law that administers how states and open organizations give early intercession, specialized curriculum, and related administrations to kids with inabilities. It tends to the instructive needs of kids with handicaps from birth to the time of 21.[1] , Adding that, The IDEA is viewed as a social liberties law. In any case, states are not required to partake. As a motivating force and to help states in following its prerequisites, IDEA makes subsidizes accessible to states that receive at any rate the base approaches and systems indicated in the IDEA in regards to the training of youngsters with inabilities. Since its beginning, all states have decided to take an interest. The IDEA was once in the past known as the Education for All Handicapped Children Act yet has developed significantly since. Thought turned into a government standard by a demonstration of Congressional reception in 1975 however has been altered commonly since. The IDEA was most as of late changed in 2004, which was a noteworthy update, (Individuals p.1). Coming up next are brief instances of a portion of the case that has originated from this law; Schaffer v. Weast: On November 14, 2005, the Supreme Court held in Schaffer v. Weast, 126 S.Ct. 528, that moving gatherings in a situation challenge hold the weight of influence. While this is an agreement with the typical lawful reasoning, the moving party is quite often the guardians of a kid. Arlington v. Murphy: On June 26, 2006 the Supreme Court held in Arlington v. Murphy, 126 S.Ct. 2455, that common guardians may not recuperate master observer charges as a major aspect of the expenses under 20 U.S.C. 1415(i)(3)(B). (People p.1). For example, with practically some other kid, disciplinary activity is a mind boggling matter for any school official when it relates to the understudies inside their educational system. For the order of an understudy that happens to have a handicap, In accordance with IDEA, control of a youngster with an incapacity must consider that inability. For instance, if a kid with Asperger disorder is touchy to boisterous commotions, and if the youngster comes up short on a room loaded up with noisy clamors, any order of that kid for coming up short on the room must consider the affectability and whether proper lodging were set up. As indicated by the United States Department of Education, for kids with inabilities who have been suspended for 10 days aggregate for each school year, including fractional days, the neighborhood instruction office (LEA) must hold an appearance assurance hearing inside 10 school days of any choice to change the situation of a youngster with a

Childhood Memories

Cherished Memories Cherished Memories Any age our life is brimming with occasions. In any case, there are occasions which resemble brilliant flashes. These are flashes of our emotions. They immediately light up the life and fill it with new implications. With them the spirit of a man is developing and changing, however in some cases we figure out how to see exactly how our body develops. Henceforth, the most brilliant minutes occur in our adolescence, while being little we saw the entire world totally in an unexpected way. My soonest cherished recollections are about my mom the most valuable individual to me on the planet. I recall when we were strolling through a recreation center, eating frozen yogurt and confections. Grins, stories, amiableness, heaps of toys and desserts this is the thing that my youth intends to me. I recall how we sat tight for family New Year's and birthday celebrations. A person is accompanied with occasions, with its excellence and gravity, from youth. They make life increasingly vivid, differing and cheerful. Obviously, I connected my adolescence with blessings. Some of them I am as yet keeping, since they are of high repute to me as a memory of life-changing fun and cheerful days. I recollect how we, being little youngsters, were sharp looking and glad to be in the top notch. We viewed ourselves as grown-ups in light of the fact that were understudies. I was accompanied by the entirety of my family and wished a decent excursion. I recollect the primary exercise and my instructor's words: Good evening, kids! From exercise to exercise, from class to class, we opened and aced the preeminent estimations of life at school each day. Presently, seeing minimal first-graders, I recollect my own first days at school and contrast myself with them. I was similarly as anxious, befuddled and here and there tolerably inquisitive. Every one of us has various recollections about the youth years, however it carries us to our joyful and upbeat adolescence.

John Kellogg Essays - Christian Vegetarianism, Kellogg Company

John Kellogg Specialist, food reformer; conceived in Tyrone Township, Mich. (sibling of Will K. Kellogg). Naturally introduced to a Seventh Day Adventist family, he enrolled in a class to study a hygieotherapeutic school. He dismissed this methodology and took normal clinical preparing, completing at Bellevue Hospital Medical College (New York City) however with a theory asserting that malady is simply the body's method of guarding. He had become manager of the Adventist month to month, Health Reformer (which he renamed Good Health in 1879), and on coming back to Battle Creek, he became director of the Western Health Reform Institute, which Sister Ellen Harmon White had just settled to advance thoughts regarding wellbeing much like Kellogg's. He renamed it the Battle Creek Sanitarium and started to apply his speculations about biologic living, or the Battle Creek thought, which focused on the job of common medication, for example, a veggie lover diet and a Spartan spa-like routine. He was likewis e much sought after as a specialist and would give his expenses to the asylum for poverty stricken patients. During the 1890s he set up a research center to grow increasingly nutritious nourishments; his sibling, Will, had gone along with him and they built up a dry wheat piece that before long turned out to be so well known as a morning meal grain that they started to sell it through a mail-request business; later they built up a rice chip and a corn drop and set up the Sanitas Food Company to create and sell these new items. As the food business kept on extending, the siblings became lawful enemies and by 1906 Will picked up the selective rights to sell the items under the name of W. K. Kellogg; John set up the Battle Creek Food Company and created other wellbeing nourishments, for example, espresso substitutes and soybean-determined milk. In the mean time, John had dropped out with the Adventist heads who felt he and his Battle Creek endeavor had gotten too huge and had floated e xcessively far from the congregation; in 1907 the Adventists banned him yet he battled to hold control of the asylum and his food research center. He composed more than 50 books advancing his thoughts and furthermore established the Race Betterment Foundation to seek after his hypotheses about selective breeding. Despite the fact that he could never become as rich or notable as his sibling, Will, John Kellogg had really founded a significant transformation in the human eating routine.

French Ban on Face Covering

French Ban on Face Covering French Ban on Face Covering Home›Controversial Posts›French Ban on Face Covering Controversial PostsIntroductionThe controversies surrounding the facial covering by the Muslim women in France can be said to have reached its peak in 1989 when the students in Gabriel Havez School, were banned from fully covering their faces in school. The passing of the full face coverage into law and its enactment in April 2011 drew protest among the Muslim women faithful. Among the issue that the supporters of theirs law front as the justification of the ban is that full facial covering hinders individual recognition to the rest of the society. While those opposed to the law argue that the full facial covering g is an Islamic religious requirement for all Muslim women.Yet among the Muslim faithful the issue of full facial covering is just as controversial with the strict Islamic states such as Iran punishing those women who fail to full cover their faces in public (Miller, Vandome, McBrewster, 2009). It is against such backdrop that the France government passed this law and there is no doubt that besides the protest that saw several women arrested and charged with illegal protests the law will continue to be surrounded by controversies.Provide the context (political, cultural, etc) for the law that was passed.The roots of full facial and body covering among the Muslim society can trace its roots from the Quran. According to the Quran when addressing the wives of Mohammed the Islamic prophet, there was supposed to be a barrier between the wives and the Muslim men faithful. Since the Islamic religion is mainly based on the teachings of Prophet Mohammed the faithful of the Islamic religion follows this practices by having their womenfolk cover their bodies except for their hands and eyes (Miller, Vandome, McBrewster, 2009). However like all religions Islamic texts from the Quran as the texts from other the holy books are interpreted differently by different individuals. The re are those among the Muslim faithful who interprets this requirement of having a barrier between men and the wives of Mohammed as meant to imply decency rather that full facial covering for the women.But among most of the Islamic states full women covering is not only a cultural practice but also a legal requirement.   Although the use of Hijabs for full facial and body cover as popularly known among the Muslim society can be traced in the Quran not every Muslim believes that they are a religious requirement or symbols (Books, 2010). But most individuals who practice Islamic religion as well as other members of the society indentify the Hijabs with the Islamic religion. Therefore regardless of whether full facial covering is sanctioned in the Quran or not full facial covering can be easily indentified with Islamic religion and Islamic culture anywhere in the world. When passing the law among the issues that garner its support is the issue of social seclusion, difficulty in making identification among other issue. It should also be noted that there are Muslim women who are forced to wear the Hijabs by their male Muslim counterparts while other wear Hijabs out of their personal choices.Explain the limits of the applicability of this law.As the law on the women wearing the veil is put in place, there are some challenges that are negative to the applicability of the law fully in France. Basically the law provides an avenue to the supporters of the law to use it for selfish interest. The affected women have raised an issue with their husband’s intentions over the introduction of the law (Davis, 2011).   In their complaints, the women alleged that their husbands wanted to use the law to harass and force them to comply with the law by making them to stop wearing the veil. The law therefore could not protect the women from such allegations which could them their fundamental rights.The issue also as been a challenge as the Muslims leaders challenged them to be comp liant with the law therefore making it had for the women to be compliant with both the religion and the new law. Basically the law doesn’t allow such kind discrimination of ones human rights. Perhaps the women also complained about the death threads they were issued by the proactive supporters of the law forcing them to comply with the new law or be faced with assassination (Davis, 2011). Such kind of harassment could be a negative impact of the new law therefore forcing the government to rethink over the issue and also avoid risking the lives of the innocent Muslim women. Since then the government as been forced to intervene the public of the new law by explaining it further that it wasn’t meant to force the women to do away with the veil but rather be able to identify themselves. The police also argue that the ban however cannot the use of force to compel the women to comply (Davis, 2011).Analyze the reasons that are being put forward by the French state to justify this law. A re they sound? Are they the real ones? Is there a political agenda behind this law? Etc..The key argument tat has been put forward in justification of this law by the French government is that face coverings have been a major hindrance in identifying people which is a major security risk. Face coverings have also been viewed as social hindrances within a society that primarily depends on facial recognition as well as communication through various facial expressions (Pelissier, 2011). On the other hand the key argument that has been put forward against the ban is that it violates individual rights and freedom of the Muslims especially women. This has been viewed as a form of stigmatization on gender basis as most Muslim women have claimed.To some extent the ban seem quite reasonable since it comes as very relevant if argued behind the background of curbing terrorism and crime. With the niqab both women and also men can so easily hide their identities and propagate criminal and terror ist activities without even capturing their faces either by camera or though eye witnesses. This would act as a very big hindrance in investigating criminal and terrorist activities as collection of evidence would be so difficult. The law can therefore not in any way be interpreted as a political agenda as this is a measure that has been taken to protect both French and non French citizens including the Muslim in the fight against crime and terrorism.   On the other hand the ban can be seen as violating the rights and freedom of Muslims in exercising their religious beliefs.Compare and contrast the ‘feminist’ argument, the ‘religious’ argument, the ‘citizenship’ argument and the ‘cultural’ argumentThe feminists argue that the grant law was meant to harass them for no good reason. They complained that the government was exposing them to risk of assassination because of their belief as Muslim women. Therefore they requested the government to reconsider their rights as women.   About the religion, they argued that the Muslim religion allows them to be in the dressing of veil. Basically it could be difficult for the women to comply with the new law as well as being faithful to the Muslim religion (Davis, 2011). They also argue that the values in the Muslim religion could not be realized if the new law was affected and allow the exploitation of their rights. The Muslim activist argues that the process is meant to undermine the minority group in order to win compromise support from the majority.The law could rather discriminate the Muslim women like the foreigners than just being the citizens of France. The issue raised several questions about the government protection of its minority citizens from being the subject to the harassment that the Muslim women face (Davis, 2011). As a matter of fact, there is a conflict of interest in the argument about the dressing. Though the government seems to protect the citizens from the insecurity caused by the use of the dressing, the women suffer the derailment of their culture by the influence of the French dominant culture. Basically there is an argument that the reason for the disapproval of the dressing is the fear that the Muslim culture would penetrate further therefore fading away the culture of the majority (Davis, 2011).As an anthropologist, what would you answer a journalist who is asking you your opinion on this law. Provide some reasoning and arguments.As an anthropologist I would look at the law from a positive point of view rather than the way most Muslims are looking at it as a political agenda and a form of victimization. I totally agree that the law has the right to go to any lengths to ensure the security of a state and that of both its citizens and non citizens as well. In this respect, the number of Muslim women in France wearing the niqab in the recent past has been increasingly alarming. In this respect a group of men dressed in burqa or niqab can commit a crime and go unnoticed as feigning as women makes them unlikely suspicious. In addition to this the burqa is derived from a fundamentalist tradition in that Islam as a religion severely limits the rights of women through forcing them to wear such kind of attire (International Debate Education Association, 2011). This parallels with its forbidding women from exposing their skin so as not to seduce women.To begin with there is nowhere in the Quran that is indicated that it is mandatory for them to wear the niqab. This hence is supposed to be a personal choice. While some Muslim women do wear them by choice other are forced to wear them against their will. The ban by this law will therefore protect the latter group who form the majority. On the other hand, Muslims women by personal choice have the right to wear the burqa or niqab as way of expressing their religious beliefs (Pelissier, 2011). The law therefore could be violating their freedoms. This is a matter that the state and the Muslim freedo m advocates are therefore supposed to settle and come into a consensus about. Banning the niqab or burqa could lead amount into a major issue since the Muslim community is justified to claim that this is a violation of their religious freedomsConclusionAmong the principles many that the France and many other governments around the world adhere to is that of separation between the state and religion. France like m any other countries also recognizes the right for its citizens to believe, worship, and practices religion or not to .The principle of fairness and equal application of the law is also among the principles that are strictly adhered to. It should be noted that in such public places such as airports terminals and banks counters among other places individuals are required to uncover their faces as a means of identification verification. Then regardless of the debates that surrounds then we should note that full facial covering hinders personal identification. Bearing this in m ind then we can understand that it is possible for individuals with criminal intent to use religious symbols such as the Hijabs as a cover for their criminal intentions.

Interaction as Transaction in Jonathan Franzen’s The Corrections - Literature Essay Samples

The Lambert family, the protagonists of Jonathan Franzen’s The Corrections, view the world through a lens which attaches monetary value to people, objects, and actions. Money is a constant presence in their lives, whether there’s plenty or not enough. Alfred, Enid, Gary, Denise, Chip, and other characters, seem only to exist in relation to someone or something outside themselves. They seem to evaluate their own worth according to that someone or something. The traditional ideal of family interaction becomes a series of transactions, as the Lamberts coldly communicate through a wall of imagined currency; constructed to protect their emotional vulnerability. Each member of the Lambert family is valued for their occupation in the corporation of the family. Enid chooses her husband, Alfred, because he is an â€Å"earner† and â€Å"she intend[s] to be comfortable in life as well as happy† (265). When she first meets Alfred, Enid studies the outer packaging of Alfred, whom she views as a product. She concludes Alfred’s â€Å"†¦suits were themselves luxuriantly pleated wool beauties.† (265). Enid bases her value of him on her evaluation of his packaging. In the end, when Alfred is put in a nursing home, Enid admits to always just wanting his body. He is her investment and she notices that â€Å"her life†¦bore a strange resemblance to the lives of those friends of hers, Chuck Meisner and Joe Person in particular, who were ‘addicted’ to monitoring their investments†¦but she was the same way with Alfred: painfully attuned to every hopeful upswing, forever fearful of a crash† (470). E nid’s hopes in life are materialistic and so she constantly watches her investment to measure her own success and worth. Throughout the novel Enid obsessively compares herself to people, especially friends, in terms of class or money. Like Enid, Gary, their eldest son, also identifies Alfred with his work. Gary sees Alfred, who works for a railroad company, as â€Å"†¦forever on the verge of derailing as he lurched down hallways†¦the old iron horse was careening toward a crash, and Gary could hardly stand to look† (171). As Alfred’s health declines and he can no longer work, Gary’s value of him declines and he ponders whether Alfred’s life is still meaningful when he asks: â€Å"This train should not be running on these tracks?† (171). Denise points out to her brother, Gary, his unrealistic view of their father: â€Å"It’s just as much a fantasy to act like Dad’s some worn-out old machine. He’s a person, Gary. He has an interior life† (211). Denise’s view of her father is more human. Gary responds to her with: â€Å"If he wants to sit in that chair and sleep his life away, that’s just fine†¦But first let’s yank that chair out of a three-floor house that’s falling apart and losing value† (211). His concern is completely financial. Gary’s father is â€Å"falling apart and losing value† and instead of processing this, and emotionally dealing with it, Gary focuses on the waning worth of the house to create and emotional distance. Franzen continually incorporates psychology and economy throughout the novel, suggesting an enmeshment, shown through the Lamberts to be unhealthy and detached. Enid’s anxieties over Alfred’s worth are revealed when she equates Alfred to â€Å"†¦a wad of money stashed in a mattress†¦moldering and devaluing† (276). As Alfred gets older, his health deteriorates and he loses his ability to work and be the â€Å"earner† Enid had invested in. Enid’s â€Å"Alfred stock† plummets when he refuses to buy a certain stock they both know will make then money. Because Alfred is a â€Å"wad of money†¦in a mattress,† Enid must wage a battle on the marital mattress in an effort to persuade her husband. The mattress is a property of shared privacy. Typically, Enid is on one side, sobbing herself to sleep, and Alfred is on the other, seeking refuge in dreams. Enid observes that â€Å"†¦a depression in the heartland ha[s] shriveled h im [Alfred]† (276). The Depression era shapes Alfred’s outlook on finances and leaves him â€Å"shriveled,† or financially impotent and unable to take risks. Alfred also suffers from chronic depression and this leaves him almost incapacitated and emotionally impotent. Enid must deal with the effects of both kinds of depression on her marriagethe â€Å"heartland† (270). She decides Alfred is a â€Å"†¦bad investor. But she [is] not,† and in bed with him, â€Å"she’d been known†¦when a room was very dark†¦to take a real risk or two† (276). Enid sees contact with her husband on their bed as a financial risk. While she attempts to manipulate her husband with oral sex, she asks suggestively: â€Å"We could have a little extra money in the bank, you think? Take the boys to Disneyland. You think?† (276). After a few seconds, Enid’s gamble disappoints, and Alfred uncomfortable with Enid’s familiarity and ass ertiveness with money, pushes her away. To feel dominance, Alfred then forces her to have intercourse with him. When it comes to money, Alfred falls short of Enid’s expectations, but her constant suggestions only serve to remind Alfred of his inability to financially perform. Enid’s value among the family is her labor inside the home. Her â€Å"alchemical lab beneath the kitchen contained a Maytag with a wringer that swung over it, twinned rubber rollers like enormous black lips. Bleach, bluing, distilled water, starch. A bulky locomotive of an iron, its power cord in a patterned knit fabric† (265). This â€Å"lab† where Enid keeps her tools, is similar to Alfred’s lab in the basement. She is a worker like Alfred, only with a different job. Enid is the hardworking consumer, who distracts herself by collecting meaningless junk and working in her lab. Her occupational education develops â€Å"during and after the Depression† where Enid â€Å"learn[s] many survival skills† (265). She buys into a false reality of work and consumptionthe American Dream, to keep herself distracted from feelings that are possibly too traumatic or too difficult for her to manage. Franzen writes: â€Å"elective ignorance [is] a great surv ival skill, perhaps the greatest† (265). Enid preserves herself by viewing the world with â€Å"elective ignorance† and not accepting the reality behind the financial faà §ade she adds to it. Franzen compares Alfred and Enid’s son Gary’s marriage to a cash register in which â€Å"love and goodwill† are deposited and spent. When Enid insists on a family Christmas in her Midwestern hometown, St. Jude, Gary’s wife Caroline, is adamant about not going. Franzen writes: â€Å"the till of their marriage no longer contained sufficient funds of love and goodwill to cover the emotional costs that going to St. Jude entailed for Caroline or that not going to St. Jude entailed for him† (191). Christmas in St. Jude is an â€Å"emotional cost† rather than an opportunity to see family. Furthermore, Gary only agrees to go if his parents agree to consider selling their house so that Gary doesn’t have to worry over possibly taking care of them in the future. He is only willing to spend Christmas with his parents if they agree to the exchange. Although Gary and Caroline have serious marital problems and seem to be in constant competition for power, Gary cannot bring himself to divorce her because he is afraid of the financial consequences. He â€Å"†¦let himself imagine being divorced. But three glowing and idealized mental portraits of his children, shadowed by a batlike horde of fears regarding finance, chased the notion from his head† (202). Behind the glossy â€Å"portraits,† or packaging of his children, Gary hides an ugly anxiety about finances. Fear motivates Gary to protect himself from emotional pain by viewing his relationships as financial interactions. Like Enid, Gary views his children as products he creates and his marriage as a business venture he hopes will be lucrative. Franzen points out a certain logic that many people subscribe to in the text: money makes people inherently different. When Denise visits Austria, she meets with Enid’s wealthier friends from St. Jude Klaus and Sil via. Klaus talks about St. Jude’s â€Å"phony democracy† and it’s peoples belief that there are not â€Å"class differences,† â€Å"race differences,† or â€Å"economic differences† (390). All these differences boil down to economics and the achievement of the American Dream. The dream is supposed to be available to all people who work hard enough, yet it isn’t. The people of St. Jude pretend there is equality. Klaus claims he doesn’t remember meeting Enid some Thanksgivings back, because â€Å"everyone pretends to be the same† (390). Immediately afterwards Silvia exclaims, â€Å"Isn’t the champagne wonderful? Really different! Klaus and I used to drink it drier, but then we found this, and we love it† (391). Klaus adds, â€Å"there’s such snob appeal to dry† (392). The difference between peoplemoneyis prevalent in the way Klaus and Silvia view the world. They are sure to point out the â€Å" wonderful†¦really different† champagne they serve Denise. However Denise notices â€Å"Klaus t[ake] a bottle from a silver bucket and pour Sekt with a flourish† and observes â€Å"the Sekt [to be] sweet and over carbonated and remarkably much like Sprite† (390). To Klaus and Silvia, money makes things inherently superior, but in actuality the difference is meaningless or non-existent. Denise, the chef, cannot detect the â€Å"wonderful† difference of their champagne. Like Enid, Klaus and Silvia are doing exactly what the people of St. Jude do, but instead of pretending they’re the same, they pretend they are inherently different. They insist on the presence of their differences because it allows them to feel a false superiority in the world. But the universal human struggle transcends all social-economic borders making all people in some respects the same. Chip wakes up to this reality after his traumatic experiences in Lithuania. He goes with Gitanas, a criminal warlord who promises Chip money. Chip feels a brother-like connection to Gitanas (who looks like him) and Gitanas sees Chip as a â€Å"†¦valued employee, a vulnerable and delightful American, an object of amusement and indulgence and even mystery† (438). To Gitanas, Chip is an object, a product, a way to make money, a hard worker. Although Chip needs money the most, he, like Denise, tries to see the world without the capitalist lens the other Lamberts look through. Gitanas’ struggle to reconcile his capitalistic beliefs with those of his country, parallels Chips struggle within himself to reconcile his inherited beliefs with his theoretical beliefs. â€Å"‘How Lithuanian we all felt,† Gitanas says, â€Å"when we could point to the Soviets and say: No were not like that†¦ No we are not free-market, no, we are not globalizedthis doesnâ€℠¢t make me feel Lithuanian. This makes me feel stupid and Stone Age. So how do I be a patriot now?†¦What is the positive definition of my country?† (444). With Gitanas and Lithuania, Franzen shows a drive in other parts of the world to emulate and resist concepts like the American Dream. Chip frequents spas in Lithuania looking for sexual release and â€Å"with each prepaid ejaculation he rid himself of another ounce of the hereditary shame that had resisted fifteen years of sustained theoretical attack. What remained was a gratitude that he expressed in the form of one hundred percent tips† (438). Chips venture into the â€Å"theoretical† world of Marx and Foucault is an â€Å"attack† on his Midwestern, capitalist heritage. Chip is able to excrete his â€Å"shame† because he unabashedly pays for the release. Once the shame is gone, the theories he â€Å"resisted† for so long begin to take permanent hold as part of his world view. When C hip comes home for Christmas, â€Å"the Midwestern street,† his parent’s street, â€Å"struck the traveler [Chip] as a wonderland of wealth and oak trees and conspicuously useless space. The traveler didn’t see how such a place could exist in a world of Lithuanias and Polands† (536). Chip becomes an outsider, a â€Å"traveler† to the land where he grew up. The Midwestern ideology of financial competition is broken as he recognizes the real opulence and waste of middle class American life compared to war torn places like Lithuania and Poland. Chip acknowledges â€Å"it was a testament to the insulatory effectiveness of political boundaries that power didn’t simply arc across the gap between such divergent economic voltages. It seemed mirage-like. It seemed like an exceptionally vivid memory of something beloved and dead† (536). This memory is of the capitalist ideology he used to believe in, that Enid, Alfred and Gary still view as inh erent. Alfred considers letting himself drown, and escaping this ideology, when he falls off the cruise ship. He thinks about the â€Å"objectless world of death† and the â€Å"universe of unbeing† that lies waiting in the depths of the cold, dark water (426). The â€Å"orange flotation device† that is thrown to him he thinks, â€Å"would be a GOD in the objectless world of death†¦It was his last object and so instinctively, he loved it and pulled it closer† (426). The object reminds him of his own existence. If death is a place of nothingness, than life is a place filled with objects that he attaches meaning to. With this scene, Franzen points to the way objects are used to define people in the text. People use the objects around them to define who they are; they relate themselves to the their objects. Alfred hopes: some day â€Å"†¦he [could] wake up transformed into a wholly different person with infinite energy and infinite time to attend to all th e objects that he’d saved, to keep it all working, to keep it all together† (462). The objects are Alfred and if he is capable of tending to the objects, and therefore himself, he can exist. Without caring for these objects, Alfred will cease to exist (462). He contemplates this and says â€Å"aloud† to himself in the basement, â€Å"I ought to pitch the whole damn lot of it,† (463). This allusion to suicide is present throughout the novel. Once pulled aboard the ship and out of the freezing water, Alfred â€Å"reconsider[s] the wisdom of surviving† because the crew â€Å"treat[s] him like a child† (463). He doesn’t want to live if he cannot keep his individual privacy and care for himself, the way his objects in the basement beg to be cared for. Alfred is the object in Enid’s life that she had uses to relate herself to, and once he is gone, her anger and judgment towards the world decreases. Because she feels less oppressed, En id is free to exist without the broken down, depressed, and emotionally unavailable object that is Alfred. It is only when she visits Alfred that she gets depressed. Despite this, Enid does not fully shatter the capitalist lens. She continues to â€Å"bicker about money,† with Gary, â€Å"but [it is] only recreational† (562). She tortures him about his failed stock choices and he tortures her about the $4.62 she owes him for the six-inch bolts he bought for the shower. Gary is entrenched in his belief of the materialistic American Dream and spends his limited time at Christmas calling out a â€Å"summary† of the family situation, as if in a business meeting. He speaks like a financial analyst when addressing his father’s health, and like a debt collector when confronting his mother about the ridiculous debt she owes him. Gary kisses his mother goodbye, saying, â€Å"call Hedgpeth [Alfred’s doctor] tomorrow morning. Then call me and tell me what the plan is. I’m going to monitor this closely† (543). His detached attitude protects Gary from dealing with his father’s inevitable death, and there fore his own inevitable deterioration and death. Franzen writes: â€Å"Chip could see it clearly now, behind the cold front of Gary’s departure: his brother was afraid† (543). Because Chip has shattered the lens, he is able to see the reality of his brother’s â€Å"cold front.† Fear of feeling vulnerable, motivates the Lamberts, who are Franzen’s representation of America, to buy into a capitalist view of their world. Works Cited Franzen, Jonathan. The Corrections. New York: Picador.

Iago Vs. Moriarty an Argumentative Comparison - 1364 Words

In William Shakespeare’s Othello, the antagonist Iago shows evil motivations towards the protagonist Othello that could be considered obsessive. This pattern of behavior can be compared to the BBC television rendition of Arthur Conan Doyle’s Sherlock Holmes and its antagonist Moriarty. Iago and Moriarty’s obsessive behavior greatly effect Othello and Sherlock’s lives respectively that provide a solid argumentative comparison between the two. William Shakespeare’s Othello presents and â€Å"evil† character, Iago, who can be compared to the Arthur Conan Doyle TV adaption of BBC Sherlock’s Moriarty. Iago takes on many different persona’s to enact his plan of revenge upon Othello. He plays the friend, a trustworthy and credible source of†¦show more content†¦Fallings just like flying except theres a more permanent destination.† (Sherlock.) The Fall is referring to Jim’s plan to blackmail Sherlock into suicide or else his friends would be targeted. Moriarty seems to be so insecure about his cleverness that he would kill and target innocent people to get the glory he believes her deserves. This plan parallels to Iago’s against Othello. The event of Othello’s elopement is the turning point for Iago’s obsession and plot to destroy his life by sabotaging his relationships with Desdemona and his closest friends. Othello’s tragic flaw of trusting the wrong people leads him to his demise. Iago’s first plan of action brings Brabantio, Desdemona’s father, into play. He speaks of how â€Å"The Moor†, Othello, is deflowering his daughter’s purity. â€Å"Even now, now, very now, an old black ram / Is tupping your white ewe† (1.1.88-89) (Othello.) Iago’s obsession goes so far as to bring his own wife into his plot without her knowledge. Iago asks Emilia to steal Desdemona’s handkerchief as â€Å"evidence† of her infidelity. â€Å"My wayward husband hath a hundred times / Woo’d me to steal it; but she so loves the token....I’ll have the work ta’en out, And give’t Iago: what he will do with it Heaven knows, not I; I nothing but to please his fantasy.† (3.3.292-299) (Othello.) A man who prided himself on being trustworthy was so blinded with jealousy and hatred that he would sabotage his own wife to take down Othello’s life. Pride is also a

The Renaissance Era - 915 Words

In the wake of death, destruction, and war came the Renaissance. The Renaissance was an era of cultural rebirth that swept across Europe during the 14th to the 17th century . This era marked the time in which man returned to their classical learning and values of ancient Rome and Greece and began to change their attitude towards religion (Renaissance Art). While the Renaissance is in the past it continues to live on throughout many different fields of art, theories and movements. However, paintings such as â€Å"the Mona Lisa†, â€Å"The School of Athens†, and â€Å"The Arnolfini Portrait† which were created by the great innovators Leonardo da Vinci, Raphael and Jan van Eyck respectively, tend to be more symbolic and exemplary of the spirit of the renaissance era. The Renaissance era was faced with the hundred years war, the black death, classicism and the issues of religion, such as the distancing from church and humankind s search for the meaning of their exist ence and how life works. With these ongoing issues, Renaissance paintings often depicted images of war, death, the values from ancient Greece and Rome and they became more secular as well. Additionally, the artist began to develop new techniques such as linear perspective, realism, depth, symmetry, and classicism. Artists also began to make use of light, detail anatomy, depict nature and focus on individuals instead of groups of people. Leonardo Da Vinci is one of the most famous painters and at 15 was an apprentice toShow MoreRelatedRenaissance And The Renaissance Era915 Words   |  4 Pages Renaissance The Renaissance era was a time of great change in music, art, literature, and science. The Renaissance, which lasted from the 1300 s to the 1600 s began in Italy and spread throughout other countries to England, France, Germany, the Netherlands and Spain. During this time, there was a great deal of agricultural economy and the church were dominate and transform society. The word Renaissance come from the Latin word meaning â€Å"rebirth.† During the Renaissance period manyRead MoreThe Renaissance Era1529 Words   |  6 PagesThe Renaissance Era took place for a time period that lasted for approximately 150 years and during that time significant changes took place. These changes were with the Arts, Literature, Fashion, and ideals. â€Å"The entire age can be subdivided into three phases: from 1350 to 1400 during which discovery of ancient texts and experimentation with new art forms took place; 1400 to 1500 typified by political stability in the Italian city-states and the creation of recognizable cultural; and 1500 to 1550Read MoreThe Era Of The Renaissance Era1798 Words   |  8 Pages The renaissance era came by its name quite easily as it literally means rebirth. This era was a transitional period from the intellectually dark middle ages and ushered in a new wave of thinking and explorations. During Da Vinci s life, the world experienced the fall of Constantinople to the Turks in 1453 and Christopher Columbus s voyage to the new world in 1492. England experienced its own civil war in 1455, Cairo fell to the Ottomans in 1517 and Martin Luther nailed his 95 theses to the churchRead MoreThe Era Of The Renaissance1693 Words   |  7 PagesItaly can be looked at as the home of the renaissance and consequently the immergence of great art. Artists such as Michelangelo, Botticelli, Da Vinci, and Raphael are some of the greats and are looked at for standards. But what about the artists whose lives are mysteries, and their works that were influen ced by the greats? These artists hold just as much importance in the history of art as do the artist’s whose names can be recalled off the top of an average person’s head. During the sixteenth centuryRead MoreThe Renaissance Era3878 Words   |  16 Pages The Renaissance Era was a time known as rebirth. Though the renaissance era had many problems, the people during that time period had been able adjust. This era directed people toward the way of better living. It allowed them to further their knowledge and gather ideas. The English Renaissance changed the lives of the people who lived during darker times. This time period motivated many people born during this time to become greater things. During the English Renaissance, people began to study theRead MoreThe Rise Of The Renaissance Era1166 Words   |  5 PagesClosely following the Middle Ages, the Renaissance era was a time from the fourteenth to the seventeenth century in Europe that brought a revival or â€Å"rebirth.† This rebirth came from an interest in ancient Greek and Roman education and principles. Europe was becoming more politically stable, new technological advances, like the printing press, were being created, new discoveries were being made, and the exploration of new lands/continents was urged. 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That one was known as the Globe theater. As many others were built, the Globe Theater was built on the south bank of the River Thames. It was erected around 1599 and was created for Lord Chamberlin’s men, who boughtRead MoreHumanism And The Renaissance Era940 Words   |  4 PagesQuestion #1 Humanism in the Renaissance Era was the notion that only the Human existence is what mattered. It rejected all aspects of the medieval era, a millennium, obsessed with all things Christian, God, and Faith driven. I partial agree with this statement; Humanism in the Renaissance Era was the notion that only the Human existence is what mattered. It rejected all aspects of the medieval era, a millennium, obsessed with all things Christian, God, and Faith driven. I believe the peopleRead MoreThe Renaissance Era Essay866 Words   |  4 PagesDuring the Renaissance era, the main concept was that it put human life, security, and religion at the interior. Renaissance literally means â€Å"rebirth† and it is a perfect visualization of what the renaissance was. The renaissance was a era of peace and prosperity which gave people a chance to be creative and passionate about their loves in life; whether it be painting or sculpting of theatre or music or any other thing in life. In the renaissance many inventions and discoveries were made. A few

High Risk Pregnancy - The Battered Woman - 1085 Words

High Risk Pregnancy – The Battered Woman Erin Mosness MSU Billings City College Abstract In this paper it will discuss domestic violence during pregnancy. The signs and symptoms of a battered woman and the impact of domestic violence on the pregnant woman and her family will be deciphered. Medical intervention will be discussed, patient teaching will be described and there will be three pertinent nursing diagnosis’s with rationale. Pregnancy is a natural and beautiful process. It is something most women look forward to and in the most part it is a happy time for the mother, father, relatives and friends. An optimal pregnancy is one with minimal complication, but pregnancy, in itself, comes with its own set of complications. There are a lot of different diseases and conditions that can occur during pregnancy. Most of these complications can be fixed with medicine and close monitoring by the medical team. There is a high risk pregnancy that cannot be fixed by medicine, it is domestic violence. Domestic abuse/violence is abusive behavior in a relationship. The abusive behavior is used to possess power and control over the other individual. There are many forms of abuse. Physical abuse is a dangerous form of abuse for the pregnant woman. Domestic violence is a hidden epidemic that lurks behind closed doors and is rarely talked about or discussed openly. Domestic violence and pregnancy combine for a high risk pregnancy. As a healthcare providerShow MoreRelatedThe Domestic Violence Act 1995 Essay1499 Words   |  6 PagesIn New Zealand, 1 in 4 woman will experience a form of intimate partner violence (IPV) throughout the course of their relationships (New Zealand Family Violence Clearhouse, 2015). The Domestic Violence Act 1995 (2014) defines violence in this instance as physical , sexual and psychological abuse. 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Human Resource Management ( Hrm ) Essay - 2085 Words

Introduction Human Resource Management (HRM) can be described as the term that is used to define formal systems developed for the administration of people/ personnel within the organization. The major responsibilities of the Human Resource are normally divided into three major areas of management: employee compensation, staffing the employees, and defining/designing work. Fundamentally, the major purpose of Human Resource Management is to make the most of the productivity of an organization by improving the efficiency of its staffs. The Human Resource comes across numerous issues and challenges, and in order to solve those issues, the HR managers have to take specific steps. In this paper, I am describing a particular issue related to Human Resource Management, which I have witnessed and I am intended to solve through my strategic and organizational point of view (Simons, 2011). Issue in the Organization The organization where I work is related to both manufacturing and customer service. I had heard about many issues happening within the organization. However, the most significant issue that I noticed/ observed in the Organization was related to the Human Resource Management. The customers often complained that they are not satisfied from the services being provided to them, which was majorly due to lack of capability of the employees to treat customers in a right way. They did not know what to do and when to do. Also, I noticed that most of the employees seemedShow MoreRelatedHuman Resource Management ( Hrm )1508 Words   |  7 Pagesâ€Å"Human resource management (HRM) is the managing of human skills and talents to make sure they are used effectively and in alignment with an organization’s goals† (Youssef, 2012). 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This dual role often present challenges within HRM; therefore it is vital the HRM Department is skilled on various issues that may arise on a daily basis within an organization. In this paper, I will discussRead MoreHuman Resource Management ( Hrm )1105 Words   |  5 PagesHuman Resource Management (HRM) is the function within an association that has emphases on the employment of, administration of, and providing direction for the employees within an organization. The Human Resource Management department members deliver knowledge, training, tools, administrative services, and lawful and organization advice. The HRM department is organized by very talented managers who has a mission to make sure the rest o f the business has the needs for successful operation. HumanRead MoreHuman Resource Management : Hrm772 Words   |  4 Pagesa brief description of the models of HRM discussed in the first chapter of the textbook, and explain how each one relates to strategic human resource management. Human Resource Management (HRM) at its best seeks to manage people and resources to maximize economic and social outputs. Social output resulting from providing opportunity for advancement will ultimately make employees become true participants in the company. Bratton and Gold (2012) outline six HRM models, they are: the Forbrum, TichyRead MoreHrm And The And Human Resource Management1094 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction The main purpose to write this essay is to analogize the differences in the field of HRM and IR. The Foundation of Industrial Relations and Human Resource Management is based on intense academic study. The essay is an endeavor to illustrate by scrutinizing their objectives and the viewpoints or the approaches of this field. The first part of the essay is an attempt to define HRM and IR and it further continues to explain the differences and similarities between the two. In the lastRead MoreHuman Resource Management ( Hrm )1405 Words   |  6 PagesHuman Resource Management (HRM) seeks to manage people and resources to maximize economic and social outputs. Bratton and Gold (2012) outline six HRM models which include: the Forbrum, Tichy and Devanna model, the Harvard model, the Guest model, the Warwick model, The Storey model, and Ulrich’s Strategic Partner model of HRM. Forbrum Tichy and Devanna model of HRM is based on the principle of selecting, appraising, developing and rewarding employees who fulfill management strategic business interestsRead MoreHuman Resource Management ( Hrm )2412 Words   |  10 Pages these human traits can bring considerable benefits to organizations† (Mullins 1999). However, when managed poorly they have the potential to limit organizational growth and threaten the viability of a business. â€Å"There are countless examples of corporate and project crises in the construction sector which have arisen as the result of people s behaviour, and it would seem that human resource management (HRM) has the potential to eliminate more construction risks than any other management approach†Read MoreHuman Resources Management ( Hrm ) Essay794 Words   |  4 Pages Human Resources Management (HRM) is people who work in an organization. The manager is a person who manages people, leads, facilitates and provide tools for the organization. Human resources management also, sets strategic processes and procedures, run difficult and complex communication as the organization attracts the best talents from the recruiting process. Human resources management is where everything begins and ends for an individual and the organization. Consequently

Green Roof Free Essays

string(156) " A study conducted by Environment Canada found a 26% reduction in summer cooling needs and a 26% reduction in winter heat losses when a green roof is used\." Many people don’t know what green roof is. So, what it is? A green roof is not a surface painted green, it is a living surface of plants growing in a soil layer on top of the roof. A thinner or thicker soil layer is spread over the roof membrane itself, sometimes with a protective root barrier, often with a drainage layer underneath. We will write a custom essay sample on Green Roof or any similar topic only for you Order Now On the substrate, draught-tolerant species of plants are grown. Roof vegetation like this one doesn’t at all damage the waterproofing membrane of the roof. In fact it protects it from the uv-light which does damage the membrane over time. There are two types of green roofs: extensive and intensive. There are some differences of its. An extensive roof has very thin soil layers, draught tolerant plants and requires little or almost no maintenance. The limitation here is in the choice of plants. Extensive roof can be established on a very thin layer of soil. An intensive roof garden has much thicker soil layers, and can look like an ordinary garden, with trees and shrubs. Intensive roofs are more park-like with easy access and may include anything from kitchen herbs to shrubs and small trees. This of course needs as much maintenance as a garden does, and can only be constructed on a roof that can bear heavy loads. (http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Green_roof) It doesn’t matter what type roof is, but construction is a similar. Construction includes drainage materials, plant materials and establishment methods. For each green roof project, different site conditions and your aims and motives will govern the choice of materials and establishment methods. Therefore, if you are planning to build a green roof, consider the following two sections carefully. There are some roof sections which are important. First is a waterproofing. The membrane is made waterproof, and it will stay waterproof unless it gets physically damaged or aged. What ages a bitumen membrane is mainly uv-light and temperature extremes. Unless the roof membrane is damaged while laying the green roof, the soil and vegetation cover protects the membrane from these types of injuries later. (http://www. greenroof. se/? pid=32sub=19) Second section is root barrier. The asphalt waterproofing itself is not classified as root resistant and had to be reinforced with a root barrier. This barrier consists of rubberized asphalt enforced with polyester and treated eight a root-repelling agent. There are also synthetic waterproofing membranes (like PVC liners) available that are root resistant and do not require an additional root barrier. Different countries have different building practices and rules for green roofs – and many countries have no rules at all yet. In Germany, for example, a root barrier is always laid under a green roof. This is to ensure that no roots can damage the waterproofing. A root barrier is sometimes incorporated in the drainage layer. It can be chemical and poisonous to plants, or it can be a thin copper sheet, or rubber sealed so as to avoid seams. If your motive for having a green roof is sustainability and ecological consciousness, it’s a good idea to ask your contractor about the method. In Sweden, the usual practice is that under extensive roof vegetation (2 – 5 cm soil), where only sedums and moss can survive, an extra root barrier is not considered necessary, since the sedums used have weak roots, and moss has no roots at all. When the soil layer is thicker, and therefore can hold more water, other plants grow there, and there is a risk of getting weeds with more penetrative roots. Second layer is insulation. Insulation boards can be made from extruded polystyrene which has high water resistance and compressive strength. The main difference from the old roof is that the insulation layer must be places above the waterproofing membrane, but on the new roofs insulation must be located below the waterproofing. Second, but not less important, is drainage. The main reason for using a drainage layer is that if a lot of water drains off along the surface of the soil, this will cause erosion. The second reason, is that for roofs which are almost flat, too much water would remain on the roof, forming puddles. Especially sedum vegetation is adapted to dry conditions, and tends to rot if submerged. Besides, too much water available can lead to unwanted plants establishing on the roof. Another function of the drainage materials that are often used is to store some amount of water. This effect becomes more and more important the drier the conditions on the roof are, due to climate, a steeper slope or other conditions on the roof. Drainage materials used in green roofs include natural materials, recycled materials and manufactured drainage mats. (â€Å"Green roof systems† Susan K. Weiler, Katrin Scolz-Barth) And finally, the top layer is growing medium with plants. The growing medium provides nutrients and structure for the roots to anchor in. the proprietary mixes of the manufacturer consist of a lightweight aggregate, expanded shale, and some compost. The organic components make up about three to six percent of the shallow planting areas. The mix for deeper planting areas has slightly more organics. This mix is also heavier and allows a higher water-holding capacity in order to support the larger plants of these areas. In conclusion, one has to realize that there is no cookie cutter approach when it comes to the design of a green roof section. Though certain layers are always present – waterproofing, root barrier, insulation, protection layer, drainage layer, growing medium – their actual composition varies widely responding to a particular situation. â€Å"Green roof – a case study† Christian Werthmann) Green roofs have many advantages. One is a cooling effect. It is very useful effect for individual houses at summer time. A black bitumen roof easily reaches temperatures of 80 ° Celsius in the summer. When a soil layer and the shading plants protect the roof, the surface temperature usually doesnâ₠¬â„¢t rise above the surrounding air temperature. A study conducted by Environment Canada found a 26% reduction in summer cooling needs and a 26% reduction in winter heat losses when a green roof is used. You read "Green Roof" in category "Papers" In addition to this, the plants and soil evaporate water, creating a cooling effect, and a moister air, more comfortable to breathe. Cooling effect is useful at summer, but at winter there is another green roof feature – insulation. The soil layer provides an additional insulation. In warmer climates a green roof especially the versions with thicker soil layer, can make a difference in the heating required in the building. Life expectancy of the root membrane is also important. The waterproofing of the roof, for example bitumen, has a normal life expectancy of 25 years. After that it needs replacing. The reasons are that the uv-light from the sun makes the surface brittle, and then the expansion and shrinking caused by the fluctuations in temperature, together with the loss of elasticity, causes cracks to form in the membrane. The high temperatures in themselves, above 60 ° Celsius, age the membrane. The green roof protects the waterproofing from both the uv-light and the temperature extremes, increasing the life expectancy of the membrane to at least 60 years. (http://www. greenroof. se/? pid=28sub=19) One of the most important effects of green roofs in the cities is their potential for retaining and delaying rainwater during storms. The gutters and sewers in the city have to be big enough to cope with the amounts of water that falls during extreme storm events. As more and more surfaces in the built up areas are made hard and impermeable, less water can percolate naturally into the soil. This means that the sewers and treatment plants get higher and higher loads. For the water treatment plant this can be a great problem, since they take care of sewage as well as rainwater. If the sewage gets very diluted by a heavy rain, the sensitive chemical and microbiological processes are disturbed. Getting the balance back costs time and money, and in the meantime, sewage is less completely cleaned. Also, the treatment plants cannot store unlimited amounts of water, so during extreme rains, they are forced to let completely untreated water to the natural waters. The more rain water that is taken care of locally, the less often we will have to face these polluting events. (http://progressivetimes. wordpress. om/2010/10/04/one-roof-two-roofs-green-roofs-blue-roofs/) There are some effects which are interesting. The heat island effect. This is the effect that makes cities reach a higher average temperature than the countryside around them. The large amount of stone, asphalt and concrete in the towns and cities that absorb the heat from the sun in the daytime, and release it at night. An additional cause is the lack of trees and other vegetation. The night time tempe rature rises, and in the summer people suffers from sleeplessness. The cost of air condition goes up. Green roofs can protect from noise and electromagnetic radiation. Thick layers and plants can reduce noise in the outdoor environment and green roofs can reduce the electromagnetic radiation that enters a building to a great extent. (http://www. greenroof. se/? pid=28sub=19) The most important problem in big cities is pollution. Green roof vegetation, as well as other vegetation, use CO2 for their respiration, and therefore reduce the negative effects of pollution. Best are highly productive plants, which in a year can produce a lot of biomass. An extensive green roof does not produce very much, but intensive ones could. In this case, it might be a question of a small extra advantage, when large surfaces of the cities rooftops are used for vegetation. This is not a method that can be used as an only solution to the problems of pollution and global warming, but together with all the other beneficial effects of green roofs, it is a small step in the right direction. (http://www. greenroof. se/? pid=28sub=19) Green roofs also provide habitats for plants, insects, and animals that otherwise have limited natural space in cities. In modern city planning, â€Å"green corridors† are planned into the cities, where parks and waterways can connect the city with the surrounding countryside, and get humans in closer contact with nature. In the places where there isn’t enough ground space for green space, the green corridors, and the habitats for animals don’t have to be discontinued, if the flat roofs are used. (http://www. greenroof. se/? pid=28sub=19) Thus green roof save materials, energy and money, produce less waste, can protect from negative cities impact and what is the most important – is environmental friendly. However, green roof has some disadvantages. Weight is problematical field. A thin extensive green roof of the type widely used weighs about 50 kg/m2 when saturated with water. Lighter versions are available, that uses rock wool as substrate instead of soil, which gives a weight of about 35 kg/m2. Compare that to tiles that weigh 33 – 37 kg /m2, depending on the type. If you live in a region where you can expect snow, then weight has to be reckoned as well. So some buildings, especially old buildings, cannot be retrofitted with certain kinds of green roof because of the weight load of the substrate and vegetation exceeds permitted static loading. Depending on what kind of green roof it is, the maintenance costs could be higher. Cost is the main reason why people didn’t want green roofs. Properly designed and -installed systems include root barriers. It is true that installing adequate waterproofing systems and root barriers automatically can increase the initial cost of the roof. A properly designed and installed green-roof system can cost 15 to 20 dollars per square foot as a total cost, not including the roof’s waterproof layers. In Europe, a well-designed and professionally installed fully integrated green roof can cost anywhere between 100 to 200 euros per square meter, depending on the kind of roof, the building structure, and which plants are used. Despite of that, I think that green roofs have more advantages than disadvantages. (http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Green_roof) It is clear that living green roofs and landscapes over structure are not a panacea for ameliorating the negative environmental impacts resulting from increased development or the loss of open space. They cannot and will not replace our forests and prairies, will nor remediate the degradation of all stream corridors, and will not stop global warming by themselves. However, green roofs and landscapes over structure can act buffers to mitigate the impacts of unbridled and unplanned urban growth and development. Reducing building roofs generates less storm water runoff, reduces the heat gain that affects our indoor and outdoor environments, and mitigates the continued degradation of air and water quality. Green roofs provide additional usable, confortable open space. How to cite Green Roof, Papers

Australian Digital Health Agency

Question: Discuss about theAustralian Digital Health Agency. Answer: E-procurement Using electronic trade in order to improve an organizations guide has been measured as an initial point for executing electronic trade for many associations in a trade to trade context. The quick growths in internet technology have made the inter-organization connectivity much easier and cheaper than it was earlier, thereby granting prospects for many corporations whether large or small in order to realize the value of Internet. The meaning of procurement was much broader than the word acquisition. Theoretically, it comprises of the actions such as obtaining, carrying, warehousing, and inbound being paid. Procurement has been a purpose of substantial significance to both community and personal divisions. Such significance can be accredited to the fact that procurement accounts for the preponderance of the managerial proceeds across all kinds of associations globally. Australian organizations were no exception (Rahim and As-Saber 2011). In particular, Australian public procurement engages a huge amount of public operating cost to the harmony of around 17% of the GDP each year that arrived at a astounding $214 billion in the year 2008-2009 financial years (Ageshin 2001). Executing electronic procurement was of premeditated nature rather than of a planned significance. It should be regarded as an internal part of an associations overall electronic trade approach because of its enormous expense and probable savings. Many corporations expend as much as 30 per cent of their proceeds for tortuous procurement that was related to the non-production of materials and services (Rahim 2008). Many organizations, both public and private were espousing electronic procurement programs in order to obtain the benefits of Internet expertises (Pani and Agrahari 2007). E- procurement i.e. the electronic procurement has been regarded sometimes as a dealer substitute which was the trade to trade or trade to customer or trade to government acquisition and sale of the materials, job and services through internet as well as other data and arrangement systems (Australian Digital Health Agency 2016)(Pires and Stanton 2013). The electronic procurement value chain comprises of the align organization, electronic tendering, order class, electronic payment and agreement management. It symbolizes the procedure of automatically buying products and services which were requisite for an organizations procedure. It engrosses the exploitation of incorporated communiqu systems for the behavior of the part or all of the acquisition procedure, which involves of recognizing the desires of the purchasing workers, search, etc (OECD 2016). In Australia and other developed nations, administration was making several attempts in order to restructure their procurement procedures by utilizing innovative web-based e-procurement explanations. Functionally, e-procurement can have three approaches: electronic procuring non-production goods and services, electronic sourcing and electronic auction. The role of purchasing has also been changed significantly due to the proceeds which have been there in the information technologies (IT) and the information systems (IS). Web based data systems facilitate several purchasing allied actions to be directed electronically. Internet purchasing, trade to trade marketplaces and invalidate auctions grants potential for electronic procurement requests. A supply chain refers to the system of the amenities and the actions that carry out the functions of the product growth, procurement of the material from seller, the movement of the materials among facilities, the manufacturing of the goods, the allocation of the refined goods to the consumers and after sales sustains. Supply chain points out all the actions which were associated with the alteration, flow of goods and services from the causes of raw materials to the concluding clients. Repeatedly, supply chain management has also been regarded as the incorporation of the major trade procedures from the concluding clients through inventive suppliers that grant goods and services which would add value for consumers and the other stakeholders (Chartered Institute of Procurement Supply 2013). Before the beginning of the supply chain management perception, the hub was on the form level presentation. Over the years, as corporations have insistently chased the cost cutting proposals then they have begun to reach the point of the retreating trivial proceeds within their organizations own limits. The Electronic Procurement system symbolizes a major electronic trade novelty that was utilized with the supply chain. They rely on the internet and capitalize the novelty of web-based skills in order to computerize and make more efficient use of the procedure of procurement. When these systems were successfully executed then they offer many other benefits. However, the electronic procurement benefits were tailed to make a distinction among different organizations (Khosrowpour 2003). The concept of supply chains was parallel to the Porters definition of value chains which he gave. The Value chain model has been observed as a sequence of the consistent activities and groups where these activities act as primary and the shore up activities (Croom 2000). One of the complicatedness which arises in defining the word procurement was that it does not covenant with a solitary act or procedure. Procurement coats the total variety of proceedings from neither the recognition of requirement for a good nor service through to its removal or termination. But the term procurement in Australia was very alike to the term of supply management. Procurement encompasses of the actions and the events before and after the marking of an agreement as well as the universal organization actions which were connected within a range of agreements such as (Purchase and Dooley 2010): Pre agreement activities such as setting up, needs detection, examination and foundation; Post agreement actions such as agreement organization, supply chain organization and the removal; and General actions such as corporate governance, dealer association of the organization, danger management and the authoritarian observance. Of the other terms supply management has been regarded as a very comparable term to the term procurement and might be used as a synonym, but other ordinary words normally narrate to just part of the large procedure detained by procurement. It not only search out to decrease prices and to guarantee supply, it also chains planned managerial aims such as market growth and good novelty. After doing trade analysis, it has been measured by an individual that it could benefit from executing electronic procurement in mainly five ways which includes: Incarcerating and decreasing the rogue expenditure- rogue expenditure means that those expenses which were outside of the procurement agreement the same can be tackled by implementing the e- procurement. Better study, spending tracking and contracting prices- The accomplishment of electronic procurement could make easy the compilation and the analysis of the expenditure data. Cutting out the distributors in order to drive down the prices- The Corporation anticipates from the realizing e-procurement was to lesser the price of the goods buyed by cutting out some distributors and arbitrators. Optimizing logistics to decrease shipping prices- Before realizing the e -procurement the corporation was able to depend upon a system that channels everything through to its allocation storehouse. This could influence the movement of the materials purchased and thus reduce the logistics prices. Assisting advanced planning for preservation by incorporating e-procurement with ERP and other e-business requests- The incorporation of e procurement with ERP and the PM facilitates the corporation to automatically rest the instructions and produce requests on the dealers or the vendors for the goods. In a recent survey which was demeanor and a number of challenges were developed which takes place in implementing e procurement such as interior confrontation to change (27%), system too complicated to appreciate (11%), e-procurement system incorporation with accessible IT systems (11%), worker training (11%), and supplier migration to the Internet (11%). Several challenges have been also recognized in putting into practice e-procurement including issues in human resource management, technology integration, and suppliers involvement. One challenge in executing e-procurement was the redistribution and preparation of workers. Because e-procurement can mechanize considerably many procedures, some existing workers have to be redistributed. Also the skills required for its workers need to be distorted, especially, from putting together purchase orders to putting procurement deals together. Finally, how to involve its suppliers in e-supply was another challenge. The manager was mindful of this issue and intends to adopt a staged advance to engaging suppliers in this area. Several large hardware suppliers who the corporation has already dealt with in e-procurement in other parts of Australia would be selected first. From the above mentioned work it can be concluded that a practical instrument that could assist the associations in order to measure electronic procurement success would be inculcated. It would help the association to assess the effect of electronic procurement systems in a systematic manner and identify ways to improve the chance of success. References Rahim, M. 2008, Identifying Factors Affecting Acceptance of E-procurement Systems: An Initial Qualitative Study at an Australian City Council, Communications of the IBIMA, vol. 3. Khosrowpour, M. 2003, Information Technology and Organizations: Trends, Issues, Challenges and Solutions, Volume 1 Information technology and organizations: trends, issues, challenges and solutions, Idea Group Inc (IGI), United Stated of America. Pires, G.D. and Stanton, J. 2013, A Research Framework For The Electronic Procurement Adoption Process: Drawing From Australian Evidence, Journal of Global Business and Technology, vol. 1, no. 2, pp-12-17. Ageshin, E.A. 2001, E-Procurement at work: A case study, Production and Inventory Management Journal, p. 48-53. Croom, S.R. 2000, The Impact of Web-Based Procurement on the Management of Operating Resources Supply, The Journal of Supply Chain Management, p. 4-13. Chartered Institute of Procurement Supply 2013, The Definitions of Procurement and Supply Chain Management, Chartered Institute of Procurement Supply, viewed 17 October 2016 https://www.cips.org/Documents/Knowledge/Procurement-Topics-and-Skills/13-SRM-and-SC-Management/Supplier-Relationship-Management/definitions_of_procurement_and_scm.pdf OECD 2016, OECD Public Governance Reviews Improving ISSSTE's Public Procurement for Better Results, OECD Publishing,Paris. Pani, A.K. and Agrahari, A. 2007, E-Procurement in Emerging Economies: Theory and Cases: Theory and Cases IGI Global research collection, Idea Group Inc (IGI), United States of America. Rahim, M. and As-Saber, S.N. 2011, E-procurement adoption process: an arduous journey for an Australian city council, International Journal of Electronic Finance, vol.5, no.2. Purchase, S. and Dooley, K. 2010, The acceptance and use of e-procurement systems, International Journal of Logistics Research and Applications,vol.13, no.6. Australian Digital Health Agency 2016, eProcurement Solutions, Australian Government, viewed 17 October 2016 https://www.digitalhealth.gov.au/get-started-with-digital-health/what-is-digital-health/supply-chain/eprocurement-solutions